The Best: Free to publish at any list size, with no subscriber tier and no send limit
The Worst: Takes 13.6 percent of subscription revenue forever, and never sends from your domain
Substack is the fastest way to start publishing a newsletter, and the most expensive way to run one once it earns money. Publishing is free at any list size, with no subscriber tier and no send limit. Nothing else in this corpus lets you reach 50,000 readers without paying a cent. If your newsletter is free and always will be, the price question is closed before it opens.
The moment you switch on paid subscriptions, the arithmetic inverts. Substack takes 10 percent of every transaction, Stripe takes 2.9% + $0.30, and a 0.7% billing fee has applied since July 2024. That is roughly 13.6% of gross revenue, forever, with no ceiling. At 1,000 paying readers at $8/mo, Substack keeps about $13,000 a year. beehiiv Max, which also sells paid subscriptions and takes no cut, costs about $1,300 a year at that list size.
The part almost no review mentions: Substack is not an email platform in the sense this site uses the word. A custom domain costs $50 once and changes your web address, not your sending address, which stays [publication]@substack.com permanently. Automation is a welcome email. The Developer API, launched in 2026, returns public creator profile fields and cannot send, schedule, or manage a subscriber.
Substack stopped competing with email tools some time ago. It is competing with social platforms, and every product decision since 2023 reads correctly once you accept that.
The clearest marker arrived on 22 January 2026, when Substack shipped a TV app for Apple TV and Google TV, with video posts, livestreams and a For You recommendation feed. Nieman Lab described the launch as the latest step in its yearslong quest to become a social app. The same reporting puts the network at 50 million active users and 5 million paying subscribers. Those are network numbers, not mailing list numbers, and they are the numbers Substack manages against.
This matters to a buyer because it explains the shape of the product you will actually use. Notes, the app, video, livestreams and now television all shipped inside three years. In the same period, the email side gained a welcome email and an API that cannot send mail. If you are choosing Substack because it sends email, you are buying the part of the product that is not being built.
It also explains the distribution argument, which is real and which competitors cannot match. Substack’s recommendation network routes readers between publications, and for a writer starting from zero that is worth more than any automation feature. The trade is explicit even if nobody states it: you get audience from the network, and in exchange your publication lives inside the network, on the network’s terms, sending from the network’s domain.
Substack bills two populations that have nothing in common: writers, who pay nothing until they earn, and readers, who pay writers through Substack’s billing. Almost every published rating of Substack mixes the two into one average. This review separates them, and that separation is the single most useful thing in it.
| Product | Substack, independent, founded 2017, San Francisco |
| Category | Newsletter publishing and subscription monetisation |
| Best for | Writers who want readers before they want infrastructure |
| Not for | Anyone needing their own sending domain, behavioural automation, a sending API, or a predictable cost above $40,000/yr in subscription revenue |
| Starting price 2026 | $0, at any subscriber count |
| Free plan | Unlimited subscribers, unlimited sends, full feature set. The fee applies to revenue, not to volume |
| Cost when monetising | 10% Substack + 2.9% + $0.30 Stripe + 0.7% billing = ~13.6% of gross, uncapped |
| API | Yes, and it cannot send. Public creator profile data only, launched 2026 |
| MCP support | Official, read-only, Bestseller publications only. mcp.substack.com. It reads dashboard data and cannot publish |
| SMTP relay | None. No BYO-SMTP, no relay credentials |
| Sending address | Always [publication]@substack.com, even with a paid custom domain |
| Custom domain | $50 one time, CNAME, web address only |
| G2 rating | 4.3 / 5 on 18 reviews |
| Capterra rating | No listing found |
| Trustpilot rating | 1.4 / 5 on 178 reviews, 90% one star |
| List export | CSV of addresses and plan data. Subscriber names cannot be exported |
| Authentication | Managed by Substack on its own domain. No SPF, DKIM or DMARC on yours |
Substack’s help centre states it plainly: publishing is free on Substack, no matter how many subscribers you have. Read that against the rest of this site. beehiiv stops at 2,500 subscribers, Kit at 10,000, MailerLite at 250, Mailchimp at 500 contacts with a 1,000 email monthly cap. Substack has no equivalent line because there is no tier to fall out of. A writer with 60,000 free readers pays the same as a writer with 60.
No list to build, no template to choose, no domain to authenticate, no plan to pick, no sending reputation to warm. You sign up, you write, you publish, and the email goes. Every other platform on this site puts at least a DNS record between you and your first campaign. That is why the ease score below is the highest we have awarded, and it is not close.
Substack routes readers between publications through recommendations, Notes and the app. No ESP in this corpus has anything comparable, because no ESP is a network. For a writer with no existing audience, this is worth more than segmentation, A/B testing and automation combined, and any honest comparison has to say so.
Paid subscriptions, free trials, founding member tiers, group subscriptions and gifting are part of the product, not an integration. The writer sets the prices, Stripe handles the money, and there is nothing to configure beyond connecting an account. Platforms that charge you nothing on revenue usually charge you the setup instead.
Substack supports a CSV export of the subscriber list, including subscription date and plan type, with the option to export all columns or only visible ones. Many walled platforms do not. The limitation is real and covered below, but the export exists and works, which puts Substack ahead of the closed platforms it is often lumped with.
Substack charges a one-time $50 fee for a custom domain, and the same help article states that newsletters will always be sent from [publication]@substack.com. The $50 buys the web address. The envelope does not change.
The consequences are not cosmetic. You publish no SPF record, sign nothing with DKIM on your domain, and set no DMARC policy, because none of it is your mail. Your sender reputation is Substack’s, pooled with every other publication on the platform. If placement degrades you have no dedicated IP to request, no domain to warm, and no diagnostic beyond open rates. Postmark scores 9.0 on deliverability in this corpus precisely because it gives you the opposite of this.
Substack’s cut is 10% of each transaction. Stripe adds 2.9% + $0.30, and a 0.7% recurring billing fee has applied since July 2024, replacing the 0.5% that legacy accounts kept until 30 June 2025. Every figure is from Substack’s own fee page, last updated 16 December 2025.
Run it forward. At 1,000 paying readers at $8/mo, the platform keeps roughly $13,000/yr. At 5,000 paying readers it keeps about $65,000/yr. beehiiv, Kit and Ghost all sell paid subscriptions and take no percentage. Past roughly $40,000/yr in subscription revenue, the story flips, and it keeps flipping harder every month you grow.
No sequences, no branching, no behavioural triggers, no abandoned-anything, no lead scoring, no date-based flows. You can schedule a post and send a welcome note to new subscribers, and sections let readers opt into parts of your publication. That is the automation surface. Mailchimp scores 6.0 here, beehiiv 5.5. If a nurture sequence is part of how your publication works, it does not exist on this platform.
Substack shipped a Developer API with its own terms of use, last updated 8 January 2026. Read what it returns. The Authorized Data is public creator information: name, LinkedIn URL, social identity URLs, total subscriber count, bestseller status, leaderboard recognitions, profile summary, profile URL and publication URL.
That is a directory API. You cannot create a post, send a campaign, add a subscriber, tag anyone, or read a single address with it. Rate limits are as determined by Substack in its sole discretion, with no published number. Reviews that say Substack has no API are out of date. Reviews that say Substack has an API are misleading. It has one, and it is about creators, not about mail.
https://mcp.substack.com/api/v1/mcp, connectable from Claude, ChatGPT and Cursor. Its own help page states the assistant can read publication data such as subscriber counts and post performance, and that the server cannot publish posts, send Notes or modify your account. Eligibility is limited to Bestseller publications, so the great majority of publications on the platform cannot connect it at all. For everyone else the only route remains the community projects on GitHub, none maintained by Substack, none able to do more than the read-only API underneath them permits.The subscriber export works and includes plan type and subscription date. Substack’s help centre also states, as of 4 June 2026, that it is not currently possible to export a file with subscriber names. You leave with addresses and no identities. Anyone planning a migration should price in the personalisation they will silently lose.
No phone line, no live chat, no published response target for publishers. Substack’s Trustpilot profile sits at 1.4 / 5 across 178 reviews, with 90% at one star, and the recurring themes are unresponsive automated support, difficulty cancelling and unexpected charges. Most of that is readers complaining about billing, not writers complaining about the product. The signal still matters: if a reader of yours cannot cancel, they will blame you before they blame Substack.
Substack’s Publisher Agreement, last updated 20 July 2026, states that Substack may terminate, suspend or restrict access at any time, for any reason. The only notice commitment in the document covers suspensions caused by technical problems with the platform. The agreement sets out no appeals process, and does not address ownership or portability of the subscriber list beyond saying creators control the List they manage.
The mixed cluster is simplicity, and both sides are right about different publications. The same absence of settings that lets a writer publish in an afternoon is what a publisher hits a wall against in year two, when they want a segment, a sequence or a sending domain. Nobody argues Substack is hard. They argue about whether easy was worth what it cost them later.
Six categories, scored 1 to 10, arithmetic mean for overall. The right-hand column names the platform we would recommend instead if that criterion is the one that matters to you.
| Category | Rating | Best alternative for this |
|---|---|---|
| Ease of setup Signup to first send, zero configuration | 9.0 | Substack wins this category outright |
| Automation Sequences, triggers, behavioural flows | 3.0 | Kit for creators, ActiveCampaign for lifecycle |
| Deliverability Inbox placement and authentication control | 5.0 | Postmark or Mailgun if the domain must be yours |
| Support Reachability, response time, billing help | 4.0 | MailerLite, best-rated support in this corpus |
| Pricing value Total cost below and above monetisation | 6.5 | beehiiv once subscription revenue is real |
| API and MCP Developer experience, agent support | 2.5 | Postmark for a sending API and an MCP that writes. The Substack server reads, and only for Bestseller publications |
| Overall | 5.0 | Lowest published score on this site |
Beyond that, the restrictions concern illegality and credible threats rather than whole commercial verticals. Affiliate content, crypto commentary and cold outreach are not category bans here, which makes Substack materially more permissive than Mailchimp, whose acceptable use policy names affiliate marketing outright.
What holds the rating at Medium rather than High is the enforcement wording. The Content Guidelines describe a graduated ladder, on which Substack may remove it, hide it from public view, or impose other restrictions. The Publisher Agreement, meanwhile, reserves termination at any time, for any reason, with no documented appeal and notice promised only for technical outages. Documented rules, graduated in principle, absolute in contract.
| Source | Score | Volume | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| G2 | 4.3 / 5 | 18 reviews | Small sample, and the only one written by publishers. No sub-scores displayed |
| Capterra | N/A | n/a | No listing found. Substack is absent from the category where beehiiv and Buttondown are both listed |
| Trustpilot | 1.4 / 5 | 178 reviews | 90% at one star. Billing, cancellation and automated support. Written overwhelmingly by readers, not writers |
| Inbox placement | No figure | n/a | No independent seedlist panel covers Substack, and Substack publishes no delivery rate of its own |
Scores collected on 14 September 2026.
The direct swap. Free to 2,500 subscribers, paid subscriptions with no revenue share, and an ad marketplace. The comparison people actually run, and the one the arithmetic favours once you are earning.
Real sequences and automation, sells digital products without taking a percentage. The choice when the publication becomes a business with more than one product.
Recurring subscriptions and digital products from $12/mo, with the automation and sending-domain control Substack does not offer. The choice when email becomes infrastructure.
The alternative most Substack writers price against, scored on the same six axes.
What a creator platform looks like when it has real automation.
How the unsubscribe mechanism works on a platform where the sending domain is not yours.
Substack in 2026 is the best place in the world to start a newsletter and a poor place to run an email programme. Those two sentences are not in tension, they are the same fact seen from two distances. Everything that makes the first send effortless, no domain, no plan, no authentication, no list hygiene, is exactly what you cannot reach for later when you need it.
The company is not hiding this. It shipped Notes, an app, video, livestreams and a television platform in three years, and in the same period the email side gained a welcome message and a read-only API. Substack is building a network, and a network sends from its own domain by design. A writer who understands that trade and takes it is making a reasonable decision. A writer who discovers it in year two, holding an export with no names, is not.
If your publication is free, start here today. If subscription revenue is real and growing, run the 13.6% against beehiiv and Kit before your next billing cycle. If the words our own sending domain appear anywhere in your requirements, this platform cannot meet them at any price.
Yes, completely, as long as you do not charge for subscriptions. Publishing is free at any subscriber count with no send limit, which is the most generous free offer on this site. The fee applies to money, not to volume: once you enable paid subscriptions, Substack takes 10% of each transaction and payment fees apply on top.
Zero to publish. About 13.6% of gross subscription revenue once you monetise: 10% to Substack, 2.9% + $0.30 to Stripe, and a 0.7% recurring billing fee in place since July 2024. A custom web domain is a one-time $50. There is no monthly plan and no subscriber tier at any point.
Paid subscriptions are the main route: you set monthly, annual and founding-member prices, readers pay through Stripe, and you keep roughly 86%. Publications can also carry sponsorships they sell themselves. Substack does not operate an advertising marketplace that pays writers, which is one concrete difference from beehiiv.
From the 10% cut of paid subscriptions, and nothing else on the publishing side. Free publications generate no direct revenue for Substack, which is why the free tier can be unlimited: the business model is a share of your income, not a rental of your list.
Different products despite the overlap. Medium is a reading platform where discovery happens inside Medium and payment comes from a shared reader pool. Substack gives you an email list you can export and a direct billing relationship with each subscriber. If you want to own the relationship, Substack. If you want to publish into an existing audience without building one, Medium.
Below monetisation, Substack, because beehiiv’s free tier stops at 2,500 subscribers and Substack has no ceiling. Above monetisation, beehiiv, and the gap widens without limit: beehiiv takes no percentage of subscription revenue, so at 1,000 paying readers at $8/mo you are comparing roughly $13,000/yr against $1,300/yr. See the beehiiv review for its own scoring.
Ownership. Ghost is open source, can be self-hosted, takes no revenue share, and lets you send from your own authenticated domain. Substack takes 13.6% and never sends from your domain. Ghost asks you to run or pay for infrastructure. Substack asks for a share of your income instead. The choice is a cost structure, not a feature list.
Worth it while your publication is free or small, because the alternative costs money and this does not. Increasingly hard to defend once subscription revenue is meaningful, since the percentage never tapers. The threshold where most publishers should at least run the comparison is around $40,000/yr in subscriptions.
Yes. An established company founded in 2017, with a network reported at 50 million active users and 5 million paying subscribers, and payments processed by Stripe. The low Trustpilot score reflects reader billing and support complaints rather than any question about the platform being genuine.
Pros: free at any list size, fastest setup on this site, a real distribution network, and subscription billing that works on day one. Cons: 13.6% of revenue with no ceiling, no sending domain of your own, automation limited to a welcome email, an API that cannot send, support that is a form, and an export that returns addresses without names.
A publishing platform that combines a newsletter, a hosted website, a mobile app and subscription billing in one product, aimed at independent writers. We answer this in more depth on the Substack platform hub.
mcp.substack.com, documented in its own help centre, read-only and reserved for Bestseller publications. Every passage resting on the absence has been rewritten. The six scores are unchanged: the server reads dashboard data and cannot send, which is what the API and MCP score was measuring.This review follows our email infrastructure testing methodology. We disclose affiliate relationships in our editorial independence policy.